di Valerio Mori

Abstract: In Plato’s political philosophy, usually accused of utopian tendency, the most careful reflection is placed on Athenian politics of the fourth century. Examples are the Gorgias and the Menexenus, which represent, in theatrical form, as typically happened in Athens, political premises and historical effects of imperialism. In these dialogues Plato presents the theses of the supporters of the war against Sparta and implements a form of confutation that is not intra-logical, but counterfactual, through a complex «game» of textual references to the tragedy, especially Euridpidean (the Gorgias) and the Attic comedy (the Menexenus). In this sense, the anachronisms that are encountered in the two works are perfectly understood.
Keywords: Peloponnesian War – Athenian Constitution – Greek Tragedy and Comedy – Political Philosophy and History.

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di Claudio Sartea

Abstract: the article starts from the recent publication of a collection of essays entitled «Metaphysics of Human Rights», which appeared to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in 1948. The occasion is inviting to resume the discourse on foundation of human rights, in line with Maritain’s arguments widely used in the book, but also with some original developments: in particular, through a philosophical anthropology that focuses on the relationship as a constitutive dynamic of the human being, beyond both liberal and libertarians abstractions of modern and postmodern individualism, and in the recovery of concepts in which the dialectic between self and other, between rights and duties, between individual and community, refers to a rediscovery of the idea of the human person.
Keywords: Human Rights – Metaphysics – Human Dignity – Relationship – Community.

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